AUTONOMOUS CONCEPTS AND STATUS QUO METHOD: QUEST FOR COHERENT PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS BEFORE EUROPEAN SUPRANATIONAL COURTS

Main Article Content

Vesna B. Ćorić, PhD
Ana S. Knežević Bojović, PhD

Abstract

The accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights is currently being renegotiated, but this remains a rocky and time-consuming process. Mostly relying on doctrinal method, the authors examine various methods advocated in legal theory as a means to ensure a coherent protection of human rights in Europe in the absence of an institutional agreement. The authors focus their attention on the further development of autonomous concepts in the case law of two the European supranational courts as a prerequisite for successful application of the status quo method. The principle of ne bis in idem is selected as a case in point. Finally, authors formulate proposals for approaches regarding autonomous concepts to be utilized by the Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section
Original scientific papers

References

Bjorge, E. 2015. Autonomous Concepts, in Domestic Application of the ECHR: Courts as Faithful Trustees. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ćeranić, J. 2017. Odgovornost države za naknadu štete pojedincima zbog povrede prava EU – ocena primene režima odgovornosti dvadeset godina nakon presude Francovich. In: Petrović, Z. & Čolović V. (eds.), Odgovornost za štetu, naknada štete i osiguranje. Beograd/Zrenjanin: Udruženje za odštetno pravo, Institut za uporedno pravo, Pravosudna akademija, pp. 89–102.

Ćeranić, J. 2009. Ratifikacija Lisabonskog ugovora – Reforma Evropske unije: Bilans i perspektive. Strani pravni život, 3, pp. 7-25.

Ćorić Erić, V. 2013. Odnos Evropskog suda pravde i Evropskog suda za ljudska prava. PhD thesis. Belgrade: Faculty of Law, University of Belgrade.

Craig, P. 2013. EU Accession to the ECHR: Competence, Procedure and Substance. Fordham International Law Journal, 36(5), pp. 1115-1150.

Defeis, E. F. 2001. Human Rights and The European Union: Who Decides? Possible Conflicts between the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. Dickinson Journal of International Law, 19(2), pp. 301-323.

Douglas-Scott, S. 2006. A Tale of Two Courts: Luxemburg, Strasbourg and the Growing European Human Rights Acquis. Common Market Law Review, 43(3), pp. 629-665.

Glas, L. R. & Krommendijk, J. 2017. From Opinion 2/13 to Avotinš: Recent Developments in the Relationship between the Luxembourg and Strasbourg Court. Human Rights Law Review, 17(3), pp. 567–587.

Ilić, G. 2017. Načelo ne bis in idem u praksi Evropskog suda za ljudska prava. Strani pravni život, 61(3), pp. 21-34.

Kuijer, M. 2020. The challenging relationship between the European Convention on Human Rights and the EU legal order: consequences of a delayed accession. The International Journal of Human Rights, 24 (7), pp. 998-1010. doi: 10.1080/13642987.2018.1535433.

Lach, A. 2017. Effective investigation of crime and the European ne bis in idem principle. Teisės apžvalga Law review, 2(16), pp. 5-16. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/2029-4239.16.1.

Lasagni, G. & Mirandola, S. 2019. The European ne bis in idem at the Crossroads Administrative and Criminal Law. Eucrim, 2, pp. 126–135. doi: https://doi.org/10.30709/eucrim-2019-009.

Lock, T. 2016. The influence of EU law on Strasbourg doctrines. European Law Review, 41(6), pp. 804-825.

Mahoney, P. 1998. Marvellous Richness of Diversity or Invidious Cultural Relativism. Human Rights Law Journal, 19(1), pp. 1-6.

Matić Bošković, M. & Kostić, J. 2020. The application of the ne bis in idem related to financial offences in the jurisprudence of the European courts. Nauka, bezbednost, policija, 25(2), pp. 67-77. doi: 10.5937/nabepo25-27224.

Matić Bošković, M. 2020. Uređenje procesnih prava osumnjičenih i okrivljenih u pravnim tekovinama Evropske unije. Strani pravni život, 64(1), pp. 29-43.

Milčiuvienė, S. 2019. The Influence of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the Issuance of European Arrest Warrants in Lithuania. Baltic Journal of Law & Politics, 12(2), pp. 97-114.

Mitsilegas, V. 2016. Managing Legal Diversity in Europe’s Area of Criminal Justice: The Role of Autonomous Concepts. In: Colson R. & Field S. (eds.), EU Criminal Justice and the Challenges of Diversity: Legal Cultures in the Area of Freedom Security and Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 125-159.

O’Leary, S. 2018. A Tale of Two Cities: Fundamental Rights Protection in Strasbourg and Luxembourg. Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies, 20, pp. 3–31. doi: 10.1017/cel.2018.3.

Serneels, C. 2020. ‘Unionisation’ of the European Court of Human Rights’ ne bis in idem jurisprudence: the Case of Mihalache v Romania. New Journal of European Criminal Law, 11(2), pp. 227–239. doi:10.1177/2032284419888291.

Toth, A. G. 1997. The European Union and Human Rights: The Way Forward. Common Market Law Review, 34(3), pp. 491-529.

Van Den Berghe, F. 2010. The EU and Issues of Human Rights Protection: Same Solutions to More Acute Problems?. European Law Journal, 16(2), pp. 112-157.

Weiler, J.H.H. & Alston, P. 1999. An ‘Ever Closer Union’ in Need of a Human Rights Policy: The European Union and Human Rights. In: Alston, M. Bustelo, R. & Heenan, J (eds.), The EU and Human Rights, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 3-66.

Witte, B. 2018. The European Union in the International System of Human Rights Protection: Solo Singer or Voice in the Choir?. In: Bribosia, E. & Rorive, I. (eds.), Human Rights Tectonics: Global Dynamics of Integration and Fragmentation. Intersentia, pp. 225-242. doi: 10.1017/9781780688060.011.

Ziegler, K. 2016. The Relationship between EU Law and International Law. In: Patterson, D. & Södersten, A. (eds.), Blackwell Companion to European Union Law and International Law. Hoboken:Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 42-61.

Website references

Buyse, A. 2013. Accession of EU to ECHR Draft Agreement: Finally Finalised. Available at: www.echrblog/1912/2986, (13. 11. 2020).

Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Accession of the European Union to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR), Note, Brussels, 20 September 2019 (OR. en), No. 12349/19, Available at: https://www.statewatch.org/media/documents/news/2019/sep/eu-council-acession-coe-12349-19.pdf, (29. 11. 2020).

Douglas-Scott, S. 2014. Opinion 2/13 on EU accession to the ECHR: a Christmas bombshell from the European Court of Justice. Available at: https://verfassungsblog.de/opinion-213-eu-accession-echr-christmas-bombshell-european-court-justice-2/, (21. 12. 2020).

European Commission. 2020. The EU’s accession to the European Convention on Human Rights: Joint statement on behalf of the Council of Europe and the European Commission. Brussels, 29 September 2020. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_20_1748, (10. 11. 2020).

European Parliament. 2020. Legislative Train Schedule, Area of Justice and Fundamental Rights, Completion of EU Accession to the ECHR. Available at: www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/theme-area-of-justice-and-fundamental-rights/file-completion-of-eu-accession-to-the-echr/12-2020, (21. 12. 2020).

Lenaerts, K. & Gutiérrez-Fons, J. A. 2013. To Say What the Law of the EU Is: Methods of Interpretation and the European Court of Justice. European University, Institute Academy of European Law, EUI Working Paper AEL 2013/9. Available at: https://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/28339, (19. 11. 2020).

Lenearts, K. 2018. Solemn hearing for the opening of the Judicial Year 26 January 2018: The ECHR and the CJEU: Creating Synergies in the Field of Fundamental Rights Protection (Speech), European Court of Human Rights. Available at: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Speech_20180126_Lenaerts_JY_ENG.pdf, (11. 11. 2020).

Lyaskova, K. 2019. Mihalache v Romania [GC], Case Summary. Available at: https://ehrac.org.uk/resource/mihalache-v-romania/, (10. 11. 2020).

Murphy, C. 2013. On the Rocky Road to Accession: Final Draft of EU’s Accession Agreement to ECHR Approved. Available at: http://europeanlawblog.eu/?p=1680, (10.11.2020).

Legal sources and case law

Opinion 2/13 pursuant to Article 218(11) TFEU, ECLI:EU:C:2014:2454, European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union, 18 December 2014. Available at: https://www.refworld.org/cases,ECJ,5899f2c74.html, (10. 12. 2020).

The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union 2012/C 326/02, Official Journal of the European Union J C 326, 26.10.2012, pp. 391–407, Official Journal of the European Union C 326, 26.10.2012, pp. 391–407. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A12012P%2FTXT, (10. 11. 2020).

Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Rome, 4.XI.1950. Available at: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_ENG.pdf, (8. 11. 2020).

Protocol No. 16 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms CETS No. 214. Available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/search-on-treaties/-/conventions/treaty/214, (8. 11. 2020).

Ministers’ Deputies Decisions Cm/Del/Dec(2020)1364/4.3, 15 January 2020. Continuation of the ad hoc terms of reference for the CDDH to finalise the legal instruments setting out the modalities of accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights. Available at: https://search.coe.int/cm/pages/result_details.aspx?objectid=09000016809979be, (20. 11. 2020).

Steering Committee for Human Rights (CDDH). 2010. Ad hoc terms of reference concerning accession of the EU to the Convention given to the CDDH by the Ministers’ Deputies during their 1085th meeting (26 May 2010). Strasbourg, 3 June 2010. Available at: https://rm.coe.int/steering-committee-for-human-rights-cddh-ad-hoc-terms-of-reference-con/16809c8e22, (20. 11. 2020).

ECtHR [GC], App nos 24130/11 and 29758/11, Aand Bv Norway, Judgment, 15 November 2016. Available at: https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-168972%22]}, (6. 11. 2020).

ECtHR [GC], App no 54012/10, Mihalache v Romania, Judgment, 8 July 2019. Available at: https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/spa#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-194523%22]}, (6. 11. 2020).

EctHR [GC], App. no. 45036/98, Bosphorus Hava Yollari Turizm ve Ticaret AS v. Ireland, Judgement, 30 June 2005, Reports of Judgments and Decisions/Recueil des arrêts et décisions 2005-VI.

CJEU, Criminal proceedings against Luca Menci, Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 20 March 2018, Case C-524/15, ECLI:EU:C:2018:197.

CJEU, Enzo Di Puma v Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (Consob), Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 20 March 2018, Case C-596/16, ECLI:EU:C:2018:192.

CJEU, Garlsson Real Estate SA and others v Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (Consob), Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 20 March 2018, Case C-537/16, ECLI:EU:C:2018:193.

CJEU, Criminal proceedings against Piotr Kossowski, Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 29 June 2016, (Case C-486/14 ECLI:EU:C:2016:483)