INDIREKTNI PRISTUP ODGOVORNOSTI PRIVREDNIH SUBJEKATA U SVETLU PRAKSE EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LJUDSKA PRAVA
Apstrakt
Sudska praksa Evropskog suda za ljudska prava (ESLJP) u vezi sa zaštitom ljudskih prava pravnih lica, uključujući i privredne subjekte, je dobro razvijena i analizirana u pravnoj literaturi. Međunarodno pravo ljudskih prava se razvija u pravcu uspostavljanja pravila i prakse utvrđivanja odgovornosti za povrede ljudskih prava ne samo u odnosu na države, već i odgovornosti drugih pravnih lica, naročito privrednih subjekata. Autorke u ovom radu analiziraju način na koji je ESLJP u svojoj sudskoj praksi konceptualizovao odgovornost privrednih subjekata za povredu ljudskih prava. U radu autorke ukazuju na to da je u svojoj dosadašnjoj praksi ESLJP uglavnom pristupao odgovornosti privrednih subjekata i ukazivao na potrebu regulisanja aktivnosti poslovnih subjekata na nacionalnom nivou kroz primenu doktrine horizontalnog dejstva prava zajemčenih Evropskom konvencijom o ljudskim pravima (Drittwirkung) i doktrine pozitivnih obaveza država. Autorke potom iznose stav da je ESLJP na taj način u svojoj praksi propustio da u punoj meri uzme u obzir opšte tendencije u razvoju društvenih odnosa i politika, te da bi zapravo trebalo da preuzme proaktivnu ulogu u konceptualizaciji svog pristupa i postupanja u slučajevima povrede ljudskih prava od strane privrednih subjekata.
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Khoury, S., Whyte, D., New Mechanisms of Accountability for Corporate Violations of Human Rights, www.livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3001783/1/New%20mechanisms%20of%20accountability%20for%20corporate%20violations%20of%20human%20rights.pdf , last visited 1 December 2018.
