THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE AND POTENTIAL NEW INTERNATIONAL CRIMES

Boris Đ. Krivokapić

doi:10.56461/SPZ_25201KJ

Autori

Boris Đ. Krivokapić Redovni profesor https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-9965

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56461/SPZ_25201KJ

Ključne reči:

genocid, democid, humanicid, seksualni zločini, etničko čišćenje, nova međunarodna krivična dela.

Apstrakt

Zločin genocida definisan je Konvencijom o genocidu (1948), a definicija je zatim ponovljena i u statutima međunarodnih krivičnih sudova. Ipak, u zakonodavstvima pojedinih država i u praksi međunarodnih krivičnih tribunala zapaža se tendencija proširenja tog zločina, tako da se genocidom smatraju i mučenje, masovna silovanja i dr. To nije prihvatljivo jer vodi raznim zloupotrebama, ruši prestiž genocida, itd. Mnogo bolje i korisnije je izdvojiti one zločine protiv čovečnosti koji po nečemu liče na genocid kao posebna međunarodna krivična dela, pa čak uvesti i neka potpuno nova krivična dela. U ovom radu obrađuje se mesto genocida u odnosu na druga krivična dela, ukazuje se na tendenciju proširenja pojma genocida i razmatraju se moguća nova krivična dela. Neka od njih su već na određeni način inkriminisana (seksualni zločini, etničko čišćenje), ali bilo bi korisno da dobiju novi identitet i samostalnost tako što će biti uređena posebnom univerzalnom konvencijom, dok su druga poznata uglavnom samo u naučnoj literaturi (etnocid, democid, masakr, ekocid, biocid). Autor daje i svoj lični predlog novog zločina humanicida, pod kojim ima u vidu ubistvo čitavog ljudskog roda ili značajnog dela istog (ogromne većine ljudi).

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