NOTION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIME AND ITS EVOLUTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5937/spz64-27256Keywords:
međunarodna krivična dela, Rimski statut, Međunarodni krivični sud, ratni zločini, agresijaAbstract
The concept of international crime evolved in the course of history. The debate about its notion and its key features divided scholars and other professionals. The first part of this paper deals with its historical development, while the second part is focused on the examination of the general notion of international crime and its key features. The third part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the notion of international crimes in the sense of the Rome Statute explaining its main characteristics, as well as main features of four international crimes covered by the Rome Statute. Finally, the author in the concluding part of the paper sums up the identified problems and ofers the solutions for their improvement.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Literatura
Abi-Saab, G. & Abi-Saab, R. 2000. Les Crimes de Guerre. In: Ascensio, H. Decaux, E. & Pellet, A. (eds.), Droit International Pénal. Paris: CEDIN Paris X, Editions A. Pedone, pp. 265-285.
Bassiouni, C. M. 2003. Introduction to International Criminal Law. Ardsley/New York: Transnational Publishers.
Cassese, A. 2003. International Criminal Law. New York: Oxford University Press.
Jovašević, D. 2013. Međunarodna krivična dela u Rimskom statutu. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu, 65, pp. 201-217.
Schabas, W. 2004. An Introduction to the International Criminal Court. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Škulić, M. 2011. Opšti pojam međunarodnog krivičnog dela i oblici odgovornosti. U: Škulić, M. (ur.), Ratni zločini i drugi osnovni instituti međunarodnog krivičnog prava. Beograd: Udruženje javnih tužilaca i zamenika javnih tužilaca, pp. 67-104.
Vukčević V. et al. 2011. Međunarodna krivična dela. U: Škulić, M. (ur.), Ratni zločini i drugi osnovni instituti međunarodnog krivičnog prava. Beograd: Udruženje javnih tužilaca i zamenika javnih tužilaca, pp. 139-180.
Internet izvori
Akande, D. 2018. An Analysis of why the ICC does not have Jurisdiction over the Crime of Aggression Committed by Nationals of IC C Parties which have not Ratified the Kampala Aggresssion Amendments. ICC. Ofice of the Prosecutor. Dostupno na: https://iccforum.com/aggression, (28.5.2020).
Sturchler, N. 2018. The Activation of the Crime of Aggression in Perspective. Dostupno na: https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-activation-of-the-crime-of-aggression-in-perspective/, (23.5.2020).
ICC-ASP. 2017. Report on the facilitation on the activation of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over the crime of aggression. Sixteenth session. New York, 4-14 December 2017. Dostupno na: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/ asp_docs/ASP16/ICC-ASP- 16-24-ENG.pdf, (21.5.2020).
Pravni izvori
Afrička Povelja o ljudskim pravima i pravima naroda (African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights). 1981. Dostupno na: https://www.achpr.org/legalinstruments/ detail?id=49.
Američka konvencija o ljudskim pravima (American Convention on Human Rights). 1969. Dostupno na: https://www.cidh.oas.org/basicos/english/basic3.american%20 convention.htm.
Deklaracija o prijateljskim odnosima Ujedinjenih nacija (The Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations). 1970. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/2625(XXV).
Evropska konvencija o zaštiti ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda. 1950. Dostupno na: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_SRP.pdf
Fakultativni protokol uz Međunarodni pakt o građanskim i političkim pravima. 1966. Dostupno na: http://www.bgcentar.org.rs/bgcentar/wp-content/ uploads/20 1 3/02/Fakultativni-protokol-uz-Međunarodni-pakt-o-građanskim-i-političkim-pravima.pdf.
Haška kodifikacija (Hague Codification). 1899-1907. Dostupno na: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/ 10.1002/978 1444338232.wbeow27 1, (28.5.2020).
Trial of Henry Wirz, A Congressionally Mandated Report Summarizing the Military
Commission’s Proceedings, United States. 40th Congress, 2nd Session. 1867–1868. House Executive Document No. 23, December 7, 1867.
ICJ. Democratic Republic of Congo v. Belgium, 2000, Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 Preliminary Objection and Merits, Judgment. Dostupno na: https://www.loc. gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Wirz_trial.html.
ICTY. Prosecutor v. Dusko Tadic. 1995. Decision on the Defence Motion for Interlocutory Appeal on Jurisdiction. Dostupno na: https://www.icty.org/x/cases/tadic/acdec/ en/51002.htm, (23.5.2020).
ICTY. Prosecutor v. Kupreskic et al. 2000. Trial Judgement, IT-95- 16-T. Dostupno na: https://www.icty.org/x/cases/kupreskic/tjug/en/kup-tj000 1 14e.pdf, (28.5.2020).
Konvencija o sprečavanju i kažnjavanju zločina genocida (Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide). 1948. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/genocide-convention.shtml.
Konvencija protiv mučenja i drugih surovih, neljudskih ili ponižavajućih kazni ili postupaka (Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment). 1984. Dostupno na: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CAT.aspx.
Konvencija Ujedinjenih nacija o pravu mora (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea). 1982. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_ agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf.
Lieber Code. 1863. Dostupno na: https://avalon.law.yale.edu/ 19th_century/lieber.asp, (29.5.2020).
Londonski sporazum kojim se ustanovljava Međunarodni vojni tribunal. 1945. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/atrocity-crimes/ Doc.2_Charter%20of%20IMT%20 1945.pdf, (29.5.2020).
Priručnik o kopnenom ratovanju (Manual on Land Warfare), England. 1912. Međunarodni pakt o ekonomskim, socijalnim i kulturnim pravima. 1966. Službeni list SFRJ, br. 7/1971.
Međunarodni pakt o građanskim i političkim pravima. 1966. Službeni list SFRJ, br. 7/1971. Povelja Ujedinjenih nacija. 1945. Dostupno na: http://dag.un.org/
bitstream/handle/1 1 1 76/387355/SERBOCROATIAN- 1977.pdf?sequence= 1 &isAllowed=y.
Resolution ICC-ASP/16/Res. 5 on the activation of the jurisdiction of the Court over the crime of aggression. Dostupno na: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/asp/ crime%20of%20aggression/Pages/default.aspx, (22.5.2020).
Univerzalna deklaracija o ljudskim pravima. 1948. Dostupno na: https://www.ohchr.org/ EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/src3.pdf.
Ženevska konvencija za poboljšanje položaja ranjenika i bolesnika u oružanim snagama u ratu od 12. avgusta 1949. Dostupno na: http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/images/stories/komisi/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Dopunski protokol uz Ženevske konvencije od 12. avgusta 1949. godine o zaštiti žrtava međunarodnih oružanih sukoba (Protokol I). Dostupno na: http://www.mfa.gov. rs/sr/images/stories/komisija/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Dopunski protokol uz Ženevske konvencije od 12. avgusta 1949. godine o zaštiti žrtava nemeđunarodnih oružanih sukoba (Protokol II). Dostupno na: http://www.mfa. gov.rs/sr/images/stories/komisija/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Abi-Saab, G. & Abi-Saab, R. 2000. Les Crimes de Guerre. In: Ascensio, H. Decaux, E. & Pellet, A. (eds.), Droit International Pénal. Paris: CEDIN Paris X, Editions A. Pedone, pp. 265-285.
Bassiouni, C. M. 2003. Introduction to International Criminal Law. Ardsley/New York: Transnational Publishers.
Cassese, A. 2003. International Criminal Law. New York: Oxford University Press.
Jovašević, D. 2013. Međunarodna krivična dela u Rimskom statutu. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu, 65, pp. 201-217.
Schabas, W. 2004. An Introduction to the International Criminal Court. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Škulić, M. 2011. Opšti pojam međunarodnog krivičnog dela i oblici odgovornosti. U: Škulić, M. (ur.), Ratni zločini i drugi osnovni instituti međunarodnog krivičnog prava. Beograd: Udruženje javnih tužilaca i zamenika javnih tužilaca, pp. 67-104.
Vukčević V. et al. 2011. Međunarodna krivična dela. U: Škulić, M. (ur.), Ratni zločini i drugi osnovni instituti međunarodnog krivičnog prava. Beograd: Udruženje javnih tužilaca i zamenika javnih tužilaca, pp. 139-180.
Internet izvori
Akande, D. 2018. An Analysis of why the ICC does not have Jurisdiction over the Crime of Aggression Committed by Nationals of IC C Parties which have not Ratified the Kampala Aggresssion Amendments. ICC. Ofice of the Prosecutor. Dostupno na: https://iccforum.com/aggression, (28.5.2020).
Sturchler, N. 2018. The Activation of the Crime of Aggression in Perspective. Dostupno na: https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-activation-of-the-crime-of-aggression-in-perspective/, (23.5.2020).
ICC-ASP. 2017. Report on the facilitation on the activation of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over the crime of aggression. Sixteenth session. New York, 4-14 December 2017. Dostupno na: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/ asp_docs/ASP16/ICC-ASP- 16-24-ENG.pdf, (21.5.2020).
Pravni izvori
Afrička Povelja o ljudskim pravima i pravima naroda (African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights). 1981. Dostupno na: https://www.achpr.org/legalinstruments/ detail?id=49.
Američka konvencija o ljudskim pravima (American Convention on Human Rights). 1969. Dostupno na: https://www.cidh.oas.org/basicos/english/basic3.american%20 convention.htm.
Deklaracija o prijateljskim odnosima Ujedinjenih nacija (The Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations). 1970. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/2625(XXV).
Evropska konvencija o zaštiti ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda. 1950. Dostupno na: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_SRP.pdf
Fakultativni protokol uz Međunarodni pakt o građanskim i političkim pravima. 1966. Dostupno na: http://www.bgcentar.org.rs/bgcentar/wp-content/ uploads/20 1 3/02/Fakultativni-protokol-uz-Međunarodni-pakt-o-građanskim-i-političkim-pravima.pdf.
Haška kodifikacija (Hague Codification). 1899-1907. Dostupno na: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/ 10.1002/978 1444338232.wbeow27 1, (28.5.2020).
Trial of Henry Wirz, A Congressionally Mandated Report Summarizing the Military
Commission’s Proceedings, United States. 40th Congress, 2nd Session. 1867–1868. House Executive Document No. 23, December 7, 1867.
ICJ. Democratic Republic of Congo v. Belgium, 2000, Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 Preliminary Objection and Merits, Judgment. Dostupno na: https://www.loc. gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Wirz_trial.html.
ICTY. Prosecutor v. Dusko Tadic. 1995. Decision on the Defence Motion for Interlocutory Appeal on Jurisdiction. Dostupno na: https://www.icty.org/x/cases/tadic/acdec/ en/51002.htm, (23.5.2020).
ICTY. Prosecutor v. Kupreskic et al. 2000. Trial Judgement, IT-95- 16-T. Dostupno na: https://www.icty.org/x/cases/kupreskic/tjug/en/kup-tj000 1 14e.pdf, (28.5.2020).
Konvencija o sprečavanju i kažnjavanju zločina genocida (Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide). 1948. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/genocide-convention.shtml.
Konvencija protiv mučenja i drugih surovih, neljudskih ili ponižavajućih kazni ili postupaka (Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment). 1984. Dostupno na: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CAT.aspx.
Konvencija Ujedinjenih nacija o pravu mora (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea). 1982. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_ agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf.
Lieber Code. 1863. Dostupno na: https://avalon.law.yale.edu/ 19th_century/lieber.asp, (29.5.2020).
Londonski sporazum kojim se ustanovljava Međunarodni vojni tribunal. 1945. Dostupno na: https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/atrocity-crimes/ Doc.2_Charter%20of%20IMT%20 1945.pdf, (29.5.2020).
Priručnik o kopnenom ratovanju (Manual on Land Warfare), England. 1912. Međunarodni pakt o ekonomskim, socijalnim i kulturnim pravima. 1966. Službeni list SFRJ, br. 7/1971.
Međunarodni pakt o građanskim i političkim pravima. 1966. Službeni list SFRJ, br. 7/1971. Povelja Ujedinjenih nacija. 1945. Dostupno na: http://dag.un.org/
bitstream/handle/1 1 1 76/387355/SERBOCROATIAN- 1977.pdf?sequence= 1 &isAllowed=y.
Resolution ICC-ASP/16/Res. 5 on the activation of the jurisdiction of the Court over the crime of aggression. Dostupno na: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/asp/ crime%20of%20aggression/Pages/default.aspx, (22.5.2020).
Univerzalna deklaracija o ljudskim pravima. 1948. Dostupno na: https://www.ohchr.org/ EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/src3.pdf.
Ženevska konvencija za poboljšanje položaja ranjenika i bolesnika u oružanim snagama u ratu od 12. avgusta 1949. Dostupno na: http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/images/stories/komisi/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Dopunski protokol uz Ženevske konvencije od 12. avgusta 1949. godine o zaštiti žrtava međunarodnih oružanih sukoba (Protokol I). Dostupno na: http://www.mfa.gov. rs/sr/images/stories/komisija/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Dopunski protokol uz Ženevske konvencije od 12. avgusta 1949. godine o zaštiti žrtava nemeđunarodnih oružanih sukoba (Protokol II). Dostupno na: http://www.mfa. gov.rs/sr/images/stories/komisija/MKCK%20-%20Izvori%20MHP.pdf.
Downloads
Published
25-08-2020
Issue
Section
Review scientific papers
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Foreign Legal Life
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Institute of Comparative Law
