POSSIBILITY OF LEGAL QUALIFICATION OF ELECTRONIC SPORT AS A SPORT

Main Article Content

Stefan N. Andonović
Igor S. Radovanović

Abstract

The paper examines legal nature of electronic sports (e-sport) in the light of sports law. The authors sought an answer to the question whether the electronic sport could be qualified as a kind of sport. E-sport could be understood as a competitive playing of video games, but also as one of the fastest growing industry in the world. However, position of this massive social activity remains unclear because of its shady legal nature. The answer to the question of its legal nature will clarify whether e-sports players can be recognized as professional sport players, whether sports federations could be organized in area of e-sport, whether this sport could participate in international sports events, etc. In seeking the answer, authors analysed the most important international documents in the field of sports, with special emphasis on the definition of sport as a social phenomenon and the principles on which it is based. Also, the paper analyses the most important arguments for and against stance of e-sport as a special kind of sport. Authors used systematic approach, as well as comparative legal method.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section
Original scientific papers

References

Andonović, S. 2017. Pravo na sport kao ljudsko pravo. Strani pravni život, 3, pp. 131-144.

Danilović, M. 2003. Mogućnosti i značaj primene kompjuterskih igara i simulacije u obrazovnom procesu. Zbornik Instituta za pedagoška istraživanja, 35, pp. 180-187.

Đurđević, N., Mićović, M. & Vuković, Z. 2014. Ugovori o sportu. Kragujevac: Institut za pravne i društvene nauke.

Lončar, J. 2005. Globalizacija: pojam, nastanak i trendovi razvoja. Geoadria, 10(1), pp. 91-104. https://doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.75

Miller, T., Lawrence, G., McKay, J. & Rowe, D. 2001. Globalization and Sport: Playing the World. London- California- New Delhi: SAGE Publication. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446218396

Petrović, D. 2014. Društvena konstrukcija interpersonalnih medija - od telegrafa do interneta. U: Todorović, D., Petrović, D. & Prlja, D. Internet i društvo. Beograd-Niš: Srpsko sociološko društvo, Univerzitet u Nišu - Filozofski fakultet i Institut za uporedno pravo, pp. 3-22.

Stojković, M. 2016. Zatamnjenje - pervazivna igra. Doktorski umetnički projekat. Beograd: Fakultet dramskih umetnosti Univerziteta u Beogradu.

Wagner, M. 2006. On the Scientific Relevance of eSports. International conference on Internet computing and games development. Las Vegas: ICOMP.

Internet izvori

Brautigam, T. 2016. Finland has recognized esport as sports. Online: Dot esports. Dostupno na: https://dotesports.com/business/news/finland-has-recognized-esports-as-sports-2-4079, (8. 9. 2018).

De Menezes, J. 2018. Esport will not be added to Olympics because "killer games are too violent" says IOC president Thomas Bach. Online: Independent. Dostupno na: https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/olympics-esports-wont-be-added-killer-games-too-violent-ioc-president-thomas-bach-a8522301.html, (12. 3. 2018).

Jenny, S., Manning, D., Keiper, M., Olrich, T., 2016. Virtual(ly) Athletes: Where eSports Fit Within the Definition of "Sport". Online: Quest. Dostupno na: https://nassmblog.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/virtually-athletes-where-esports-fit-within-the-definition-of-sport.pdf, (14. 3. 2019).

Kane, D., Spradley, B. 2017. Recognizing Esports as a Sport. Online: The Sport Journal, Dostupno na: http://thesportjournal.org/article/recognizing-esports-as-a-sport/, (11. 3. 2019).

Macdonald, B. 2018. Where are the women in esport. Online: The Wireless. Dostupno na: http://thewireless.co.nz/articles/where-are-the-women-in-esports, (8. 9. 2018).

Međunarodna federacija za elektronski sport (International Esport Federation), https://www.ie-sf.org/, (10. 9. 2018).

Newzoo, 2018. Mobile Revenues Account for More Than 50% of the Global Games Market as it Reaches $137.9 Bilion in 2018. Dostupno na: https://newzoo.com/insights/articles/global-games-market-reaches-137-9-billion-in-2018-mobile-games-take-half/, (24. 9. 2018).

Newzoo, 2017. The Global Games Market Will Reach $108.9 Bilion in 2017 with Mobile Taking 42%. Dostupno na: https://newzoo.com/insights/articles/the-global-games-market-will-reach-108-9-billion-in-2017-with-mobile-taking-42/, (24. 9. 2018).

Nordmark, S. & Heath, J. 2019. The top 10 highest prize pools in esports. Online: Dot esports. Dostupno na : https://dotesports.com/the-op/news/biggest-prize-pools-esports-14605.

Ramos, A., Lopez, L., Rodriguez, A., Meng, T., Abrams, S. 2013. The Legal Status of Video Games: Comparative Analysis in National Approaches. Online: World Intellectual Property Organization. Dostupno na: https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/copyright/en/activities/pdf/comparative_analysis_on_video_games.pdf, (23. 3. 2019).

Regalado, P. 2018. The Philippines new athletes: eSports gamers. Online: ABS-CBN News. Dostupno na: https://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/10/10/17/the-philippines-new-athletes-esports-gamers, (8. 9. 2018).

Smartlaunch, Pro gamers now recognized as athletes in Turkey, https://www.smartlaunch.com/pro-gamers-now-recognized-as-athletes-in-turkey/, (7. 9. 2018).

Speight, J. 2018. Germany to recognize eSports as an official sport. Online: DW. Dostupno na: https://www.dw.com/en/germany-to-recognize-esports-as-an-official-sport/a-42509285, (8. 9. 2018).

Svetska federacija u konjičkom sportu, https://www.fei.org/, (7. 9. 2018).

Svetska šahovska federacija: FIDE- World Chess Federation, https://www.fide.com/fide.html, (7. 9. 2018).

Tassi, P. 2013. The U.S. Now Recognize eSports Players as Professional Athletes. Online: Forbes. Dostupno na: https://www.forbes.com/sites/insertcoin/2013/07/14/the-u-s-now-recognizes-esports-players-as-professional-athletes/#7bce5e9c3ac9, (8. 9. 2018).

Pravni izvori

Međunarodna povelja o fizičkoj edukaciji i sportu (International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport), UNESCO, Pariz, 1978. Dostupna na: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000235409, (13. 3. 2019).

Olimpijska povelja, Međunarodni olimpijski komitet (Olympic Charter, International Olympic Committee), 2015. Dostupno na: https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf, (13. 3. 2019).

Preporuka Komiteta ministara o izmenjenoj Evropskoj sportskoj povelji, br. R(92) 13 REV, usvojena od strane Komiteta ministara 24. septembra 1992. na 480. sastanku predstavnika ministara i ispravljena na 752. sastanku 16. maja 2001. Dostupna na: https://rm.coe.int/16804c9dbb, (13. 3. 2019).