Ombudsman u sportu – uporednopravna perspektiva
Glavni sadržaj članka
Apstrakt
Povrede sportskog prava ugrožavaju delotvornu zaštitu ljudskih prava i načelo vladavine prava, te stoga iziskuju i delovanje ombudsmana. Uprkos ovoj povezanosti, pravna nauka je do sada posvetila relativno malo pažnje ulozi nacionalnih specijalizovanih ombudsmana u oblasti sporta. U ovom radu se, stoga, analizira mesto, karakter i nadležnosti novonastalih nacionalnih sportskih ombudsmana u uporednom pravu. U radu se najpre uspostavlja pojmovno određenje i klasifikacija institucije ombudsmana kao analitički okvir za vrednovanje modela sportskog ombudsmana u odabranim uporednopravnim sistemima. Primenom uporednopravnog i normativnog pristupa, uz istorijskopravnu analizu razvoja institucije ombudsmana, ispituje se da li se novi oblici sportskih ombudsmana uklapaju u postojeće institucionalne klasifikacije i u kojoj meri su njihove nadležnosti usklađene sa tradicionalnom ulogom ombudsmana u jačanju vladavine prava i otklanjanju loše uprave.
Preuzimanja
Detalji članka

Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
Reference
Abedin, N. 2011. Conceptual and Functional Diversity of the Ombudsman Institution: A Classification. Administration & Society, 43(8), pp. 896-929. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399711417700
Anderson, J. & Partington, N. 2018. Duty of care in sport: time for a sports ombudsman? (Version 1). University of Sussex. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/10779/uos.23451779.v1, 27. 12. 2025.
Andonović, N. S. 2017. Pravo na sport kao ljudsko pravo. Strani pravni život, 61 (3), pp. 131-144. https://doi.org/10.56461/spz17309A
Andonović, S. & Radovanović S. I. 2019. Mogućnost pravne kvalifikacije elektronskog sporta kao vrste sporta. Strani pravni život, 63(1), pp. 43-54. https://doi.org/10.5937/spz63-21088
Ayeni, V. O. 2014. Ombudsmen as human rights institutions. Journal of Human Rights, 13(4), pp. 498-511. https://doi.org/10.1080/14754835.2014.886950
Beker, K. 2010. Zaštitnik građana (ombudsman) Kvebeka. Strani pravni život, 54 (2), pp. 165-176.
Božić Savić, D. 2018. Faze razvoja institucije zaštitnika građana. Strani pravni život, 62 (2), pp. 155-167.
Castro Barriga, C. 2019. Principles of good governance and the ombudsman: a comparative study on the normative functions of the institution in a modern constitutional state with a focus on Peru. Intersentia. Available at: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/383694/phdthesis.finaldraft.acb.library.050819.pdf?sequence=1, 27. 12. 2025.
Danilchenko, V. 2024. Constitutional and legal status of the ombudsman institution: world experience. Universum: экономика и юриспруденция, 116 (6), pp. 54-57. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/constitutional-and-legal-status-of-the-ombudsman-institution-world-experience/viewer, 27. 12. 2025.
Davinić, M. 2013. Evropski ombudsman i loša uprava. Beograd: Zaštitnik građana.
Davinić, M. 2011. Kompleksnost procesa širenja institucije ombudsmana. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu. 57(57), pp. 101-111.
Davis, T. 2012. What is Sports Law?. In: Siekmann, R. & Soek, J. (eds.), Lex Sportiva: What is Sports Law?. ASSER International Sports Law Series. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, pp. 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-829-3_1
Diamandouros, N. P. 2006. The ombudsman institution and the quality of democracy, Distinguished Speakers Lectures, Universita degli studi di Siena Dipartimento di scienze storiche, giuridiche, politiche e sociali. Available at: https://circap.wp.unisi.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/67/2022/07/diamanduros.pdf, 27. 12. 2025.
Diamandouros, N. P. 2005. The Role of the Ombudsman in Strengthening Accountability and the Rule of Law. London, Available at: https://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/speech/en/340, 11. 2. 2026.
Finkel, E. 2006. Defending rights, promoting democracy: the institution of ombudsman in Poland, Russia and Bulgaria. European Forum at the Hebrew University, Helmut Kohl Institute for European studies. Available at: https://www.eoi.at/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Defendign-rights-OM-in-Pol-Rus-BG.pdf, 27. 12. 2026.
Fowlie, F. 2017. Prospects for a sports ombudsman in Canada. Laws, 6(1), pp. 5. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-471X/6/1/5/pdf, 27. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws6010005
Glintić, M. 2018. Rešavanje sporova pred ombudsmanom u osiguranju - s posebnim osvrtom na ombudsmana u osiguranju Savezne Republike Nemačke. Pravo i privreda, 7-9. pp. 359-372.
Golubović, D. & Galetin, M. 2024. Pregled prakse Evropskog suda za ljudska prava od značaja za obradu podataka o ličnosti putem video-nadzora. Strani pravni život, 68(1), pp. 61-81. https://doi.org/10.56461/SPZ_24104KJ
Gonzalez Volio, L. 2003. The Institution of the Ombudsman, the Latin American experience. Costa Rica, Available at: https://www.corteidh.or.cr/tablas/R08066-5.pdf, 28. 12. 2025.
Ivković, N. 2021. Usluge zaštitnika građana u funkciji zaštite ljudskih prava. Kragujevac: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu. Available at: https://scidar.kg.ac.rs/bitstream/123456789/14150/1/313-321.pdf, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/XXIv-12.313I
Jovanović, Z. & Rapajić, M. 2011. Ombudsman (zaštitnik građana) kao novi pravni institut za kontrolu rada uprave. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu, 57, pp. 205-221. Available at: https://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/zbornik/sadrzaj/zbornici/z57/13z57.pdf, 28. 12. 2025.
Jovičić, M. 1969. Ombudsman, čuvar zakonitosti i prava građana. Beograd: Institut za uporedno pravo.
Kijevčanin, R. 2020. Zaštitnik građana u Republici Srbiji. Kragujevac: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu. Available at: https://scidar.kg.ac.rs/bitstream/123456789/14366/1/267-281-11.pdf, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/XXIv-11.267K
Knežević Bojović, A., Ćorić V. 2024. Educational Dimension of Judicial Self-Governance in the Exercise of the Judicial Independence Principle: The Case of Serbia in the European Integration Process. Sociological Review, 58(1), pp. 179-205. https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg58-47647
Kolman, P. 2010. The Ombudsman in the Czech Republic. Strani pravni život, 54(3), pp. 57-64.
Korbayram, A. & Hoca, E. 2024. The role of the ombudsman institution: A comparative legal analysis with a focus on North Macedonia. Sui Generis, 3(2), pp. 35-51. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Azam-Korbayram/publication/389303312_THE_ROLE_OF_THE_OMBUDSMAN_INSTITUTION_A_COMPARATIVE_LEGAL_ANALYSIS_WITH_A_FOCUS_ON_NORTH_MACEDONIA/links/67bde78c96e7fb48b9cdd3cc/THE-ROLE-OF-THE-OMBUDSMAN-INSTITUTION-A-COMPARATIVE-LEGAL-ANALYSIS-WITH-A-FOCUS-ON-NORTH-MACEDONIA.pdf?_tp=eyJjb250ZXh0Ijp7ImZpcnN0UGFnZSI6InB1YmxpY2F0aW9uIiwicGFnZSI6InB1YmxpY2F0aW9uIn19, 28. 12. 2025.
Kraljić, S. & Drnovšek K. 2021. Ombudsman za prava sportaša – primjer Slovenije. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu, 58(1), pp. 151-161. https://doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2021.58.139.151
Lazarević, M. 2014. Razvoj i aktuelni dometi institucije Zaštitnika građana u Republici Srbiji. Studentski godišnjak, 3, pp. 57-67. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/download/55160028/Studentski-godisnjak-20141.pdf#page=57, 28. 12. 2025.
Marković, Č. & Jugović, S. 2017. Specijalizovani ombudsmani u Republici Srbiji. Nauka, bezbednost, policija, 17(1), pp. 141-151.
Milkov, D. 2018. Nastanak i razvoj institucije ombudsmana. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 52(2). pp. 431-448.
Milkov, D., 2007. Specijalizovani ombudsmani, Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 3, pp. 101-121.
Milkov, D. 2008. Zaštitnik građana Republike Srbije. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 42(1-2). pp. 197-215. https://doi.org/10.5937/zrpfns52-18834
Mitten, M. J., Opie, H. 2012. “Sports Law”: Implications for the Development of International, Comparative, and National Law and Global Dispute Resolution. In: Siekmann, R. & Soek, J. (eds.), Lex Sportiva: What is Sports Law?, ASSER International Sports Law Series. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, pp. 173-222. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-829-3_9
Radojević, D. M. 2016. Preobražaj ombudsmana u savremenim pravnim sistemima s posebnim osvrtom na instituciju zaštitnika građana u Republici Srbiji. Doktorska disertacija. Beograd: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu.
Rajić Ćalić, J. 2023. (Ne)jednako plaćanje muškaraca i žena u sportu, sa osvrtom na tenis. U: Stanić, M. & Šuput, D., Srpski fudbal - uporednopravni izazovi i perspektive III. Beograd: Institut za uporedno pravo, pp. 129-140. https://doi.org/10.56461/ZR_23.SF.09
Rapajić, M., Logarušić, D. 2024. Special ombudsmen with reference to the position of the Commissioner for Information of Public Importance and Protection of Personal Data. Pravo–teorija i praksa, 41(4), pp. 82-101. https://doi.org/10.5937/ptp2404082R
Remac, M. 2013. Standards of Ombudsman Assessment: A New Normative Concept?. Utrecht Law Review, 9(3). pp. 62-78 Available at: https://utrechtlawreview.org/articles/237/files/submission/proof/237-1-528-1-10-20130711.pdf, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.18352/ulr.237
Serzhanova, V. 2021. Contemporary types and models of the ombudsman institution, In: Grujić, Z. & Bojanić, B. (eds.), Legal system in the period of the new reality. Kosovska Mitrovica: University of Priština, Faculty of Law in Kosovska Mitrovica, pp. 101-114.
Stanić, M. 2023. Nivoi pravne borbe protiv nameštanja rezultata fudbalskih utakmica. Zbornik radova Kopaoničke škole prirodnog prava-Slobodan Perović. pp. 415-429 Available at: http://ricl.iup.rs/1881/1/Kopaonik_TOM_I_2023%20-%20Stani%C4%87.pdf, 28. 12. 2025.
Stanić, M. & Rajić Ćalić, J. 2022. Pravo Evropske unije i reprezentativni fudbal. 65 godina od Rimskih ugovora: Evropska unija i perspektive evropskih integracija Srbije. Institut za uporedno pravo, Beograd, pp. 315-327 Available at: https://eizdanja.iup.rs/index.php/zbornici/article/download/88/35, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.56461/ZR_22.65godRU.Var_SRC
Tai, B. Y. T. 2018. The ombudsman and the rule of law. In: Hertogh, M. & Kirkham R. (eds.), Research Handbook on the Ombudsman. Cheltenham/Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 113-132.
Tomić, Z. R. & Marković, V. V. 2025. Državna uprava i prebivalište građana – posebno o prebivalištu kao uslovu za ostvarivanje biračkog prava. Strani pravni život, 69(3), pp. 445-478. https://doi.org/10.56461/SPZ_25306KJ
Van Roosbroek, S. & Van de Walle, S. 2008. The relationship between ombudsman, government, and citizens: A survey analysis. Negotiation journal, 24(3), pp. 287-302. Available at: https://direct.mit.edu/ngtn/article-pdf/24/3/287/2381956/j.1571-9979.2008.00185.x.pdf, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1571-9979.2008.00185.x
Yunin, O., Komisarov, S., Shebanits, D., Naumenko, S. & Steblianko, A. 2021. Discrimination in sports as a gross violation of human rights in Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 10(47), pp. 173-179. Available at: https://mail.amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/download/1817/2154, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.47.11.17
Zhyvko, M., Dombrovska, A., Kiblyk, D. 2025. The Role of Ombudsman Institutions in Administrative Accountability: a Comparative Perspective. Public Administration and Law Review. 21 (1), pp. 87-98. Available at: https://public.scnchub.com/palr/index.php/palr/article/download/248/226, 28. 12. 2025. https://doi.org/10.36690/2674-5216-2025-1-87-98
Internet Sources
A Guide to England’s Independent Football Ombudsman, Available at: https://littletonchambers.com/a-guide-to-englands-independent-football-ombudsman/, 25. 12. 2025.
CRDSC-SDRCC, About Mission, Available at: https://www.crdsc-sdrcc.ca/eng/about-mission, 27. 12. 2025.
Chartered Trading Standards Institute – Independent Football Ombudsman, Available at: https://www.tradingstandards.uk/consumer-help/adr-approved-bodies/independent-football-ombudsman/, 24. 12. 2025.
Physical Activity and Sport Act-Canada (S.C. 2003, c.2), Available at: https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/P-13.4/page-1.html#h-392649, 26. 12. 2025.
The Independent Football Ombudsman, About the IFO, Available at: https://www.theifo.co.uk/complaints-procedure/, 24. 12. 2025.
The Independent Football Ombudsman, Complaints procedure, Available at: https://www.theifo.co.uk/complaints-procedure/, 24. 12. 2025.
What is the Independent Football Ombudsman. Available at: https://thefsa.org.uk/news/what-is-the-independent-football-ombudsman/, 24. 12. 2025.
Legal Sources
Republic of Slovenia Ministry of Economy, Tourism and Sport, 2022 Annual Report of the Athletes’ and Mandate Report for 2018-2023, Available at: https://www.gov.si/assets/ministrstva/MGTS/Dokumenti/Direktorat-za-sport/VARUH-SPORTNIKOVIH-PRAVIC/2022-ANNUAL-REPORT-OF-THE-ATHLETES-OMBUDSMAN-AND-MANDATE-REPORT-FOR-2018-2023.pdf, 27. 12. 2025.
Sports Act of Slovenia, Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 29/17, 21/18 - ZNOrg, 82/20 and 3/22 - ZDeb), Available at: https://pisrs.si/pregledPredpisa?id=ZAKO6853, 27. 12. 2025.
The Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act (36 U.S.C. § 220501 et seq. 1978), Available at: https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt9e58afd92a18a0fc/blt76e3da4041b3e6ce/64371f916bfe3410b96a9355/Ted_Stevens_Act_FINAL-ua.pdf, 26. 12. 2025.
United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, Team USA Athlete Ombuds, Available at: https://www.usopc.org/athlete-ombuds, 26. 12. 2025.
Venice Commission, CDL-AD(2019)005, Public Principles on the Protection and Promotion of the Ombudsman Institution (“The Venice Principles”). Available at: https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2019)005-e [Accessed: 12 February 2026].
Venice Commission, CDL-AD(2025)002 Or. Engl. The Updated Rule of Law Checklist, Adopted by the Venice Commission at its 145th Plenary Session (Venice, 12-13 December 2025), Available at: https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2025)002-e [Accessed: 12 February 2026].